Ibne- Hazm's Theory of Epistemology

In Ibne- Hazm’s epistemology, as that of other classic foundationalists, knowledge is divided into basic beliefs (a priori knowledge) and non-basic beliefs (a posteriori knowledge). He has introduced a collection of syllogistic matters in Aristotelian logic, with extensions (denotations) different from those current at the time, as innate and perceptual knowledge. The other type of knowledge (non-basic beliefs) consists in these certain premises through essential demonstration. Drawing on Ibne- Hazm’s works on logic, theology and basic principles, the present article attempts to explain his views on perceptual experiences and intellectual understanding and to identify their strong points and limitations. Ibne- Hazm’s purpose in proposing his epistemology was to use it instrumentally in explaining Zahiriah beliefs, defending this school, criticizing its opponents, and creating a strong fulcrum for human sciences that can be employed for religious purposes. Therefore this theory is one of the important components of his intellectual system. Ibne- Hazm considered his theory of epistemology consistent with the Quranic verses and thought of its knowledge instruments as a divine bless consistent with the purpose of man’s creation.