Serological and Molecular Detections of Turnip Mosaic Virus on Goldbachia laevigata in Saffron Fields

Turnip mosaic virus is a member of family Potyviridae, genus Potyvirus, have the widest host range in Potyviruses. Weeds are reservoir plants for viruses and have an important role in this epidemiology. In order to identify the wild hosts of TuMV in saffron fields, 44 samples were collected during April 2017 from Ghaen, Ferdows, Sarayan and Birjand cities of South Khorasan province. TuMV were detected by ELISA and RT-PCR. Positive samples were sequenced and then analyzed by Phylogenetic software. Among 44 samples, Goldbachia laevigata was positive in ELISA and this isolate (KHo.IR) was amplified 864 bp of Coat protein gene using RT-PCR. In phylogenetic tree of KHo.IR and 29 isolates of gene bank, four groups were formed that KHo.IR was in Group Basal BR. Homology matrix of KHo.IR and 29 gene bank isolates showed that the closest gene bank isolate was from Italy with 93.6% homologies and the furthest isolate was from Canada with 87.6% homologies. According to the results, Goldbachia laevigata serves as a reservoir plant of TuMV in saffron fields. This is the first survey of TuMV on weeds of Iranian saffron fields.
Turnip mosaic virus is member of family Potyviridae, genus Potyvirus, have the widest host range in potyviruses. Weeds are reservoir plants of viruses and have an important role in epidemiology of viruses. In order to identify the wild hosts of TuMV in saffron fields, 44 samples were collected during April 2017 from Ghaen, Ferdows, sarayan and Birjand of South Khorasan provinces, TuMV were detected by ELISA and RT-PCR, then positive sample were sequenced and analyzed by phylogenetic software. Among 44 samples of weeds, Goldbachia laevigata was positive in ELISA and this isolate (KHo.IR) was amplified 864 bp of Coat protein gene using RT-PCR. In phylogenetic tree of KHo.IR and 29 isolates of gene bank, 4 groups were formed that KHo.IR was in Group Basal BR. Homology matrix of KHo.IR and 29 gene bank isolates showed that the closest gene bank isolate was from Italy with 93.6 % homologies and the furthest isolate was from Canada with 87.6 % homologies. According of the results of this study, : Goldbachia laevigata serves as a reservoir plant of TuMV in saffron fields. This is the first survey of TuMV on weeds of Saffron fields of Iran.