Sociological Study of the Causes and Consequences of Cosmetic Surgery Men and women living in Tehran

In the past, the body was a fact that a person had to adopt with in any situation. But nowadays the body can be manipulated and reconstructed. Attention to the body and its manipulation has distanced itself from its natural state and has become a social problem.This research aims at sociological investigation and understanding of cosmetic surgeries in men and women. The study is conducted by qualitative approach and grounded theory method. The tool used to collect data was a semi-structured interview. Targeted sampling was used to select the interviewees and theoretical sampling was used to identify the number of people. The population under study is men and women living in Tehran who have experienced cosmetic surgery. The number of examined sample is 15 men and 27 women who have experienced cosmetic surgeries. Based on this study’s findings, the causal of the research were humiliation and inferiority complex in men and the fear of being rejected as well as a negative mental picture of oneself in women. A pivotal phenomenon for men is conformity to the society’s demands that arise in the context of economic conditions and for women, the desire for beauty and expression of the body, which has occurred in the context of social values and family conditions. In both groups sense of conflict is presumed as the intervening conditions and promotions and encouragement by others for surgery are the facilitating conditions of the research. The implications and effects of the cosmetic surgery in this study are self-satisfaction and others’ approval in men and increasing confidence, saving time and economic savings in women.