Defence of Eblis in some Schools of Sufism

Sufis’s view with regard to Eblis is one of most controversial and at the same time the most engaging subjects that is reflected in their most important texts. On one hand, one is faced with radical beliefs speaking of rejection of devil and his condemnation from the God’s providence and on the other hand some of the key figures in the sufi world with their various interpretations in defence of Eblis or at least regarding his refusal to obey Adam, made their best to regard him as manifestation of love and bravery.
This article is concerned with the study of the views of the great sufi figures regarding Eblis with emphasis on the ideological foundations of such renowned characters as Hallaj, Ahmad Ghazali, Ayn al-Qudat Hamedani, Attar Neishabouri, and Moulana Jalal al-Din Mohammad Balkhi.