Elucidation Critical Views of Imam Khomeini on Pahlavi lections and Parliaments Based on Critical Theory

During the 72-year-old life of the Constitutionalist system of Iran (1907-1979), 24 sessions of the National Assembly was formed. Beside the fifth parliament, which endorsed the Qajar dynasty’s downfall and the transfer of the Iranian monarchy to the Pahlavi dynasty, the election of the last 20 parliamentary period was held during the reign of Reza Shah and Mohammad Reza Shah. In the present article, critical views of Imam Khomeini on the issue of holding elections and the position of the National Assembly in the period of Reza Shah and Mohammad Reza Shah have been studied. The purpose of the research is to explain the legal reasons of Imam Khomeini's objections and criticisms of the electoral mechanism and the position of the National Assembly of that time.
The present study is based on the historical method and critical theory test, whose fundamental approach is "the process of revealing the gap and the difference between the inner goal and the external reality of a phenomenon". It will analyze and evaluate the views of Imam Khomeini on the position of the elections and the National Assembly on the Constitution and its position in the field of political action. The findings of the research confirm the usefulness of the critical theory for explaining the critical views of Imam Khomeini on the issue of the elections and the National Assembly. Because of the influence of the monarchy and the executive branch, there was a fundamental conflict between the position of the National Assembly in constitution and its position in the sphere of political action.