A Qualitative Study on Factors Affecting Elderly Physical Activity

Physical activity has several benefits for the physical and mental health of the elderly and through participation in physical activities, this vulnerable group can prevent aging-related complications.The purpose of this quality study was to investigate the affecting factors (motivational and barriers) on elderly physical activity.
This qualitative study was part of a study with Grounded theory methodology carried out during 2015-2016. Data were collected through semi-structured in-depth interviews with 40 elderly and 10 experts in elderly sports and taking field notes. Data analysis was carried out based on Corbin and Strauss (2008) approach.
Based on open and axial coding, motivational factors and barriers of physical activity were categorized as interpersonal, intrapersonal and environmental subcategories. Lack of security, poor transportation services, bad weather, inappropriate walking paths, poor sports facilities and programs, negative views, personal health problems and negative self-image were important barriers of physical activity in elderly. Existence of peer social groups and sports assistants, physician advice, encouragement of family and following religious and national values ​​can be effective in encouraging the elderly to do physical activities.
Based on the obtained results, authorities are advised to enforce the motivational factors of elderly physical activity and remove barriers of physical activity.