A Survey on the Geopolitics of Environment in the Caspian Basin Energy Interactions

Caspian Sea with area of 366400 square kilometers is the greatest lake of the world appeared as a result of analysis of the great Tethys Sea's remnants in the third geology period. While it has not all characteristics of a sea, it is vast and saline and has waves and connects to the open seas through Volga-Don channel; so it is called a sea. Following the former Soviet Union collapse and gas and oil discovery in Central Asia and Caucasia, it faced complex realities and interests in international political economy. These problems were mainly rooted in developed countrie's arrangements for increase of their influence in the area and in Russia's traditional relations with the Islamic and Turkish governments in the region. This paper investigates the Caspian Sea oil resources and the related routs for oil transmission trough a descriptive-analytical method. Moreover, it studies the role of these factors in regional interactions of the coast line countries. Finally, it analyzes the Environment geopolitics of the Caspian Sea, with regard to the oil material pollutions and the Islamic Republic of Iran's policies. The results revealed that the new routs of oil transmission and Iran's active role in environment preservation may have a key role in the regional constructive interactions among the Caspian coastline countries.