A Comparative Study of the Role of Value-Based Concepts in Organizing the Structure of Economic Systems of Islam and Capitalism

In every economic system, "value-oriented concepts" direct thinking and economic behaviors, and also affect structures. The development and interpretation of these concepts is highly dependent on the accepted ontological foundations. Using the analytical method, this paper analyzes the role of value-based concepts in organizing the economic system. In this analytical and descriptive study, the value-based concepts of the economic system of capitalism and the Islamic economic system are studied comparatively. The results of the research show that the economic system of capitalism, by virtue of its own special value-based concepts, logically has a capitalistic monolithic structure with three components: the "pursuit of personal material gain", "the behavioral principle of free economic competition" and "individual private possession". In contrast, the economic system of Islam, based on its reliance on Islamic value-based concepts, has a four-part structure in which each part is characterized by three specific components. This kind of structural extraction based on value-based concepts indicates the difference in issues, questions and solutions between the Islamic and secular economic systems.