Effects of Some Indigenous Plant Extracts on Meloidogyne javanica Infesting Eggplant and Pepper under Greenhouse Conditions

Among the major pests of vegetables are root knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) (RKNs) which cause loss of production due to galling and reduction root development and shoot growth. Herein, the effects of plant extracts from five different plants; pepper (Capsicum frutescens)(Solanaceae), henbane (Hyoscyamus niger)(Solanaceae), bead-tree (Melia azedarach) (Meliaceae), common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium)(Asteraceae) and yarrow (Achillea wilhelmsii) (Asteraceae) were evaluated on pepper and eggplant inoculated with eggs or second-stage juveniles of root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne javanica). Experiments were carried under greenhouse conditions using pepper cv.Charleston and eggplant cv. Kemer as assay plants that are commonly cultivated in Turkey. All of the plant extracts showed different level of anti-nematode activity. The results were indicated by 3%, 6% and 12% concentration of Hn and Xs plant extracts were found more efficient than the same concentration of Ma, Cf and Aw extracts on egg hatching. J2s mortality experiment were showed that 3%, 6% and 12% concentration of, Hn and Xs were found more effective against M. javanica. Plant extracts from H. niger at 6% and 12% concentration and X. strumarium at 12% concentration reduced egg mass formation under all test conditions.