Study the Several Herbicides Effect on Weeds Control and Yield of Cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.)

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of the pre planting herbicides including Trifluralin (Treflan 48% EC) and Ethalfluralin (Sonalan 33. 3% EC), pre emergence herbicides including Oxadiazon (Ronstar 25% EC, 12% SL), Simazine (Princep 4L) and Prometryn (Gasagard 80% WP) and post emergence herbicide including Linuron (Afalon 50% WP, 45% SL) on weed control and yield, yield components, seed yield, essence yield and essence efficiency of cumin in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Five dominant weed species i. e. Chenopodium album, Fumaria officinalis, Polygonum avicular, Hordeum murinum and Triticum aestivum were identified. Results showed that effect of the herbicides on density and dry weight of each and total weed species were significant. In this study, all herbicides significantly decreased total weed density compared to weedy check. The order of reduction in total weed density was hand weeding> Ethalfluralin> Oxadiazon> Trifluralin= Linuron= Simazine> Prometryn. The highest and lowest total dry weight of weeds were obtained in weedy check and hand weeding, respectively. Among various herbicides treatments, Ethalfluralin and Oxadiazon had the inhibitoriest effects on the total dry weight of weeds in comparison with weedy check (97. 40 and 84. 31% respectively). The results also showed that there were significant differences among various herbicide treatments on cumin density, number of umbrella per plant, number of seed per umbrella, 1000- seed weight, seed yield, and essence yield and efficiency. The highest and lowest seed and essence yield were obtained in hand weeding and weedy check, respectively. After weeding treatment, Ethalfluralin application had the highest seed yield and essence yield.