Plasma Changes of some Biomarkers and Adenosine Deaminase Activity in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes Mellitus in Rats Following Administration of Different doses of Pure Extract of Cynodon dactylon Rhizome

The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes of some biomarkers in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats following the administration of pure extract of Cynodon dactylon. In this study, after dividing 50 rats into five groups and induction of diabetes mellitus in four groups, pure extract of Cynodon dactylon was administered at 150, 300, and 450 mg/kg/day concentrations to three diabetic groups for three months. The positive control group (diabetic group without Cynodon dactylon administarion) along with negative control group (non-diabetic group) did not receive any extract. Afterwards, some biomarkers along with plasma adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity were assessed in all the groups.

Findings: The results showed a significant increase in all the inflammatory markers, including ADA Hcy, and cTnI (P≤0.01) and a significant reduction in marker of tissue damage, gelsolin (GLS), (P≤0.01) in the positive control group compared with the control group. We also found a significant decrease in these parameters (P≤0.01) and a significant increase in marker of tissue damage (GLS) following the administration of 450 mg/kg of the extract compared to the positive control and negative control groups. Discussion & Conclusions: It can be concluded that the extract of Cynodon dactylon, especially at the concentration of 450 mg/kg of body weight, can significantly reduce cardiovascular and inflammatory biomarkers and elevate GLS concentration in diabetic rats.