A case study of how Aristotelian logic analyzes features of relation and its rules of inference

Relation and logical analysis of its features and rules of inference were one of the logical concerns of Muslim logicians; though each one has different approaches. Not considering the distinction between propositions containing relations and propositions containing categorical concepts has caused some inconsistency in their logical text; that is although Aristotelian logic focuses only on subject-predicate structure of sentences and has not a separate analysis for relations, however, obviously its importance were not neglected. So the inferential rules of relations has not developed in Aristotelian logic due to this inconsistency and it is not easy to capture the Muslim logician`s idea about it. Nevertheless this thread of thought could be found in analysis of Four-fold Relations, conversion of universal negative propositions, the first figure of syllogism, Equality Syllogism and essential and non-essential middle term.