Optimization of urban storage tanks by using water resources planning MODSIM model and PSO algorithm(Case study: Gorgan city)

Due to population growth and urban development, need to water increases and comprehensive plan for providing sufficient and good quality of water is vital. The modelling is one of the important tool for management and programming of water supply and consumption. For managing the pressure and velocity in water distribution networks the Gorgan city is divided to different pressure zone based on topography and the storage tank is used in each zone to supply the water. The storage tanks in different pressure zone interact with the others to reduce the difference between water supply and water demands. In this study, the optimum volume of storage tanks are obtained based on MODSIM and metaheuristics PSO models. MODSIM is a water resources management decision support system for analysis of long term, planning, medium term management, and short term operations.
The daily data were used during the years of 2012 to 2013 for calibration of model and the results were evaluated based on reliability and vulnerability criteria.
The results show that the Zone1 (the northern part of the Gorgan city), Zone 8,9 and 10 (the southern part of Gorgan) don’t need to increasing the volume of storage tank in all scenarios for long term operations (2041). The results also showed that the Zone 2 to 7 need to increase the storage tank volume. Among all pressure zone, the Zone 3 is critical zone in term of water shortage and the amount of vulnerability is 11500 cmd(cubic meter per day