Inequality in the Distribution of Public Resources; Fair Distribution of Anfal and Public Resources (A Case Study of Targeted Subsidy Plan)

In the Islamic approach, the right of all people to enjoy the opportunities and benefit from public resources are the two dimensions of justice, meaning "Giving everyone one's entitlement". In this framework, the first step towards the realization of justice is to fight inequality in the distribution of opportunities, resources and public facilities (Beit al-Mal) in the favor of the poor and deprived in the Islamic society. This paper examines the distribution of subsidies in Iran's economy, considering the requirements of justice in the Islamic approach. The main question of the research is: what is the criterion for the fair distribution of Anfal and the public resources of the country, especially in the context of poverty and class divisions? According to the research hypothesis, in the context of poverty and class divisions, in the distribution of public resources of the country including the distribution of subsidies, one can allow an unequal distribution for the benefit of the poor, so that justice can be achieved faster by reducing the class division. Using the descriptive and analytical method and Islamic and jurisprudential doctrines on the one hand, and examining the experiences of the current distribution of subsidies in Iran on the other hand, the present paper seeks to prove this hypothesis and the necessity of its implementation in the distribution of subsidies in Iran.