Assessment of visual quality in the Second nature based on the preferences of the users and its role in identifying Bojnord city(Case study: Parks within the city)

Visual relationship between humans and the environment is very effective in evaluating the quality of the environment. Today, with the unsystematic expansion of many cities, identity preservation of their visual aspect has been forgotten and this negligence has brought irreparable ecological and complicated consequences. The main objective of this study was to improve visual quality and urban identity. Study is applied research and has been done by descriptive-analytical method, based on survey. In order to analyze the data, combination of visual quality classification (Q SORT) and the goal achievement matrix (GAM) has been used. "Buffer" command is used to estimate the accessibility in geographic information system (GIS). In order to carry out research, at first photos of 24 parks which are studied, were taken ,then using a questionnaire with 100 people, ugliness or beauty standards of each photo, from the point of view of different people, was surveyed. In order to access visual quality, 16 main criteria were considered. Finally, to each of the criteria for visual quality of urban green spaces, points based on the fulfillment or non-fulfillment of the criteria in the relevant space (according to GAM method), was awarded. The results of the combination of Q-Sort and GAM method was, the classification of city park on the titles "ugly" and "beautiful". So that the parks "Shahrebazi", "Afarinesh" and "Azadi", as beautiful parks and the parks "Masoumzadeh" and "Mirza koochakKhan" were as ugly Park, mentioned. Also, based on the findings, the most important criteria to improve the visual quality of urban parks are: order, legibility and scale. In the end, solutions to improve visual quality and identity of the city is presented