The Study of Sufism with Dynasty in Safavid and Qajar Period

The present research aims to investigate the position and quality of the Sufism relations with the dynasty in Safavid and Qajar period. Using the descriptive-analytical research method, the result show that mysticism in the first half of the Safavid realm and also in Mohammad Qajar’s realms have the most political power and they are considered one of the basis of power. Taking the key positions in authority, the Safavid established and promoted their political power and realm and became one of the most powerful forces while their power increasingly developed. However, when greediness and conspiracy of Kizilashes increased, the next kings of Safavid dynasty tried to suppress them and this dynasty lost its power by and by from the second half of Safavid governance. Having suppression the Safavid, most of them emigrated from Iran. Through establishing Zand dynasty in Iran and taking the power of the dynasty, Sufism (Tasawwuf) returned to Iran and resided in different cities and areas. The most critical tribe among them is Darvish Ne’matollāhī who gained very considerable influence in various parts of the country during Mohammad Shah’s period that their power increased again in political scenes and took high political status in Iran.