The effect of irrigation and planting system on morphological parameters and yield of two cotton cultivars

Optimizing water use in cotton is one of the main ways to save water and achieve optimal yield. Therefore, in order to study the effect of planting system and irrigation on morphological characteristics and yield of two cotton cultivars, this research was conducted in Hashem Abad Cotton Research Station in Gorgan in 2016. This experiment was conducted as a split plot design in a completely randomized block design with four replications. Treatments were included irrigation levels in 4 levels (irrigation based on 0, 40, 80 and 120% evaporation from evaporation pan), cultivars in two levels (Latif and Golestan) and planting system in two levels (transplanting and direct). The results of the experiment showed that the number of monopedia and the size of the simpodia above the ground in the transplanting system was more than direct system. By increasing irrigation water, the number of simpodia, plant height, and the size of simodia and monopedia increased significantly but had no effect on the number of monopedia. Latif cultivar had higher plant height and simpodia size and simpodia size above the ground compared to Golestan cultivar, but the number of monopedia in Golestan was more than Latif. The two cotton cultivars were similar in terms of number of simpodia and monopedia size. Cotton yield in transplanting system was 24% higher than direct system but this difference was not significant. The yield of two cotton cultivars had no significant difference. By increase in irrigation water from 0 to 80% of water use, yield increased but yield in the treatment of 120% water use decreased so that the highest yield (2515 kg / ha) was related to 40% water use treatment, which had no significant difference with 80% treatments but had significant difference with 0 and 120% treatments. The interaction effect of planting system on irrigation was significant only on plant height and simpodia size but the interaction effect of planting system in cultivar on morphological parameters was not significant. The interaction effect of irrigation on cultivars was significant on all morphological parameters except simpodia size above the ground.