Effect of growth degree days and soil properties on phenology and morphological characters of Allium jesdianum Boiss & Buhse. in Lorestan province

Allium jesdianum is an endemic species of Iran that unfortunately, in recent years due to uncontrolled harvesting, had put it on to the endangered list. This research was carried out based on nested design with three replications from eight habitats including; Gamasiab, Kakareza, Peresk, Zalaghi, Venaei, Meleh, Serenge and Kamandan in the Lorestan province for two years. The results showed that Venaei habitat had the highest fresh (10.65 g) and dry weight (4.1 g). Soil texture of this habitat was Sandy clay loam and higher organic matter and potassium content than other habitats. The highest plant height (41.16 cm) was recorded in kakareza in the first year. The Soil of this habitat rich in phosphorus. Phenological growth stages (vegetative growth, flowering and seedling) of Allium jesdianum in Mela habitat, located in south of the Lorestan province was earlier than other habitats. The results showed that the time calendar and the time duration of the phenological stages were different in habitats. The growth degree days (GDD) was for the seeding stage was more than the other phonological stages and the highest GDD for this stage recorded in Kamandan, Azna (129.2 ºC) in the second year. The results of this research can be useful in proper management, breeding and domestication of this rare and endangered species.