The Role of Geomorphological Terrains on Passive Defense (Case Study Border Areas of Iran and Turkmenistan in the Cities of cities of Sarakhs and Bajgiran)

Rational use of geomorphological terrain to protect our equipment and troops, or by slowing down the movement and reducing the sight of the enemy, is considered an important factor in passive defense. Identification of these terrains is essential for construction of infrastructure systems during the peace time. Given the current situation of the South West Asia, securing the borders of the country is essential. The study area for this research includes borders of the North East part of the country which are shared borders between Iran and Turkmenistan. And considering the strategic position of Iran and also the possibility of penetrating the enemy forces from the borders, attending to the security in these areas is of great importance. This study seeks to analyze the relationship between geomorphological terrains and the phenomenon of defense and passive defense in the north East borders of the country, and investigate the role of active formations resulting from geomorphological processes in the study area in spatial planning. This study was conducted based on the library and experimental studies and processing satellite images. Graphical part was done with GIS software, and the analysis of Earth systems was attained using the SWOT method. The results show that the study area is very diverse in terms of geomorphology terrains, and a technical planning for locating facilities, based on spatial planning, can provide the future security. In comparison with other Geomorphological terrains , Strait and gullies are more important regarding the passive defense and have many capabilities in terms of defense applications.