Effects of Different Wheat Planting Patterns in Drip Tape Irrigation on Yieldand Water Productivity of Bread Wheat in Hamedan

The recent drought and the decrease in the ground and surface water resources of the country have raised a change in the surface irrigation methods to new irrigation methods as a useful strategy, in order to increase the water productivity in the present situation. Therefore, this research was carried out with 4 planting patterns and two Drip irrigation tape intervals (60 and 75 cm) in field scale (length 75 meters) and furrow irrigation treatment (control treatment) at Ekbatan station of Hamedan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center in 2016-2017 and 2017-2018. The irrigation water requirements was calculated based on the average 10-year weather data of the Hamedan Airport Station using the Penman-Mantis formula. Irrigation intervals were considered as 6 and 12 days for drip and surface irrigation method respectively. The two-year average volume of water used in two irrigation systems, drip and furrow irrigation method was 4026 and 6028 (m3.ha-1), respectively. The Average of water productivity in drip irrigation treatments 1.73 kg.m-3 was calculated. The results showed that drip strip irrigation reduced 33 percent in water consumption and increased 73 percent in water productivity compared to furrow irrigation. Maximum and minimum two-year mean grain yield and water productivity were related to two T1 treatments (four rows of 15 cm spacing on both sides of the strip, with strips of 75 cm spacing) and furrow irrigation of 7443 and 5996 kg.ha-1 and 1.89 and 1 kg. m-3 respectively, which had a statistically significant difference p≤0.01. Therefore, According to critical water conditions in the country and if using drip irrigation (tape) in wheat crop, the distance between the strip of 75 cm and the four rows with a distance of 15 cm from each other around each strip that has the highest yield and water productivity, is recommended.