Review on accumulative roll bonding of ultrafine grained and nanostructured sheets

One of the most important factors affecting the mechanical, physical and chemical properties of metals, are crystal structure and grain size. Ultrafine metals with an average grain size of 1000-100nm and nanostructured metals have an average grain size of less than 100nm. Ultrafine and nanostructured materials are known as a new generation of metal products, which have remarkably mechanical and physical properties in comparison to coarse-grained metals. In the last two decades, due to good properties such as high strength, high ductility and toughness, good corrosion resistance and high superplasticity properties, these materials have been considered by many researchers. In recent years, many methods have been proposed for severe plastic deformation and are now being developed and expanded. In these processes, in spite of the high hydrostatic pressure and the unaltered dimensions of the sample during the process, it is possible to apply very high strains, which results in the desired mechanical properties and ultrafine grained and nanostructured materials. The accumulative roll bonding process is one of the methods of SPD. ARB process is simple, extensive use, low-cost, industrially capability method that can produce ultrafine and nanostructured metals. In this research, light metals such as aluminum, magnesium and titanium and also extremely used metal such as copper and steel are discussed. Also, mechanical properties, fractography and microstructural properties of ultrafine and nanostructured metals produced by ARB are compared with initial samples and the mechanisms governing of ARB process that cause changes in mechanical and microstructural properties are analyzed.