The Role of Peasants in the Security and Welfare of the Citizens in the Early Islamic Centuries

One of the most important components of citizenship rights is the provision of security and prosperity in the economic, social and cultural dimensions. Peasants in the transition from the Sassanid era to the Islamic period were peaceful with Muslims, and they gradually became Muslim. As a result, the masses of the people under their command were also Muslims. Thus, they retained their lives and their belongings and their followers from attacking Arab invaders. Thus, they provided security and prosperity for themselves and their citizens as the role of the interface between the Muslim rulers and the masses of the people. The purpose of this research is the role of peasants in the security and welfare of citizens in the early centuries of Islam. This research is based on library and documentary styles and descriptive-analytical and historical research methods. After reviewing and analyzing resources, this result was obtained that the peasants were caused to ensure and to provide security and economic and social well-being for themselves and their subordinates. They also were caused to preserve the ancient heritage and to transmit them to new era. Therefore, they provided security and welfare of themselves and their citizens relatively and directly, both in the political and economic spheres, as well as in social and cultural spheres, by observing and various good intentions in different times and places.