Explaining the role of geographic and territorial factors in sea power of the States

 Access and lack of access the countries to open sea, formating the geographical location of coastal peninsula, island or landlocked for the country. Marine and ocean environment compared with dry environments have different characteristics. Area of ocean is three times the land. Water bodies are spherical cohesion while the land suffered the fragmentation of space. Water bodies, have environmental position and dry Area have peripheral position. The controling of water bodies in the world will be have initiative and challenging the dry area. Sea power is one most important facets of states’ national power. Sea power is not considered properly in evaluating national power, because it includes different factors. Sea power is the only facet of national powers that can be presented in different water bodies, and do not suffer from land and air powers limitations. This article investigates the role of geographic and territorial situation in states sea power.

This research is fundamental and in terms of nature is descriptive - analytical and ecological research among geographical sciences rather than lie. The data analysis procedure is based on qualitative method. The data collection tools by visiting the library, papers, documents and information portals specialized organizations.

Sea power is formed from different factors like geographic-territorial, social, economic, political, diplomatic and military.Geographic and territorial situation of sea states is the most important factor in their sea power, and all of the other factors depends on this factor. Geographic and territorial situation of sea states includes the length (up to 200 nautical miles) of shore and some other territorial features. Sea access, the nature of the coastal zone (properties of the coastal zone), territorial scope and area of the country, maritime zones, connection to Sea lines of communication (straits, channels etc.) islands (residential and non-residential), are the most important factors related to the geographic and territorial factor.

These factors are investigated in this article. Beside of the importance of each factor, the nature of the coastal zone is important than other geographic and territorial factors. In other words, the nature of the coastal zone characterizes the abilities and limitations of the states’ sea power.