The role of the new middle class in the process of the formation of the Islamic Revolution between 1320 – 57

The Islamic Revolution can be considered one of the most important phenomena of the twentieth century. In modern societies, the role of the new middle class in political, cultural participation is undisputed.This class is the focus of cultural and political activities in the modern urban community while the new middle class is not involved in keeping position and unlimited accumulation of wealth and because of its job positions, this class has the main burden of revolutions, transformations and reforms.The Pahlavi regime''s attempt to maintain the political system of his new patriarchy which was incompatible with the participation of social classes and The entrance of countries around the world in development and renovation fields which led to exciting the feelings of some of the new middle classes in Iran, caused the regime to face particular difficulties and forced it to actually accept a dual policy in its behavior to social classes and try to control and harness social classes. In this way, the renovation trend which was more severe in the second Pahlavi period, inability of regime in suppressing protests and accepting the leadership role of Imam Khomeini in this class can be considered as the main factors of middle class oppositeness with Pahlavi regime and his effectiveness in the forming trend of Islamic Revolution.