National Policy–Making and National Innovation Systems

Technological progress has significantly accelerated in recent years. This makes most developing countries unable to keep up with the waves of technology development. On the other hand, there is a wide consensus that technological development has greatly affected the economical, industrial, security and even cultural status of countries and there is no way to be competitive in the era of globalization, unless by acquiring and strengthening local technological capabilities. On the verge of preparation of the 4th development plan of Iranian economy, national policy – makers should focus on technology development and provide its infrastructures and prerequisites as one of their major concerns.
One of the most important conceptual frameworks that have been adopted by policy–makers of developed countries is National Innovation Systems (NIS), which provides comprehensive and coherent perspective in formulation of long – term national development plans. So in this paper, we will try to illuminate the importance of national policy – making in terms of NIS concepts.