The Notion and Importance of Personal Data and Privacy and Their Various Protections in Cyber Space

Electronic commerce has affected all aspects of life; it results from technological development and is still in progress. This development has some consequences and results for people. Breach of personal data and privacy is one of them. Cyberspace has targeted all aspects of personal data such as genetic, identity, physiological, behavioral, and religious beliefs information to achieve their political, economic, and social goals. This article aims to assess the legal protection of privacy in accordance with GDPR and Iranian laws. That is, whether these rules can prevent the violation of privacy on the Web, or whether in the digital age, it is the end of privacy and personal data protection. It is a significant issue that requires careful analysis and evaluation. In this paper, by examining the concept of privacy in EU regulations and the Iranian legal system, it is analyzed that laws need to be more up-to-date than developments in the digital age. The concept of privacy and personal data must be specifically introduced and protected within the law. To be placed. However, none of the domestic legal systems examined laws have a comprehensive and coherent definition of personal data, and this gap should be addressed in Iranian law. Finally, a broad definition of personal data is provided.