Investigating the Cultural and Social Factors of Outsourcing in Sport Industry

The aim of this study was to investigate the cultural and social factors of outsourcing in sport. The methodology was exploratory mixed and the data were collected by the field method with a review of related literature and semi-structured interviews with experts. Then, Delphi method was used to reach consensus. In the quantitative part, based on the results obtained from the qualitative phase, a researcher-made questionnaire was designed. The statistical population consisted of all experts related to sport outsourcing in Iran including faculty members of Iran state universities, managers of public organizations and private companies, employers and contractors. The sampling methods were non-random, purposive and convenience in qualitative and quantitative parts. The sample included those who were familiar with the literature and theoretical basics of outsourcing, those with teaching experience, writing a book and scientific- research papers or over 5 years of executive outsourcing experience. For the qualitative part, the interview continued until theoretical saturation. In the quantitative part, the base of calculation for each item was 10-15 respondents who finally completed 296 questionnaires. Smart PLS3 software was used for data analysis. The results showed that cultural and social factors influenced outsourcing in sport. Therefore, it is recommended that authorities should inform of the positive effects of outsourcing in sport through mass media and analyze successful outsourcing in the world to provide a suitable cultural and social groundwork and to find ways to implement and develop this strategy in Iran sport.