Conditions of Realization and Invoke to the Rule of Authority of Criminal Res Judicata

The Code of Criminal Procedure approved (2013), like its previous regulation, without mentioning the conditions of realization of the rule of authority of criminal res judicata, has identified this rule in the row of one of the nolle prosequi. The existence of this legal vacuum, along with the stagnation and solidity of judicial procedure of the courts, has left this issue in ambiguity, in addition to diversity of opinions. On the other hand, the relative transparency of the provisions of the Civil Procedure Law in this regard, and in contrast to the silence of the criminal law legislator, and, along with these two, the theory of the possibility to resort the rules of civil procedure in the silent provision of criminal procedure, the theory of unity has strengthened the conditions of realization of rule of authority of criminal res judicata. This research, based on an accurate scientific analysis and through the use of descriptive-analytical method, has achieved the following results:1- The analysis of authority of criminal res judicata based on foundations and civil analysis is methodologically based on a tremendous mistake and leads to unrealistic and non-scientific results; 2- The most appropriate method for analyzing the authority of criminal res judicata is to assess the triple conditions of the unity of the claimants, the unity of subject and the unity of cause with regard to the distinction aspects of criminal domain compared to civil fields, the issue that leads to a conception other than the inference.