The Position of Adjuncts in the Arabic Sentence Structure from the Viewpoint of Ancient and Contemporary Syntacticians

The present study analyzes the views of the ancient scholars of syntax on the position of adjuncts in the Arabic sentence structure and its role in the text. According to the syntacticians, the sentence includes the subject, the predicate, and adjuncts, and this structure is considered by Arabic syntacticians. Therefore, we see that new Arabic and Western linguists have theorized in this regard, and this is not far from the theory presented by old syntacticians. Some of them have spoken about the semantic dimension of the structure of the sentence itself such as the complement and adjuncts, and this is what has kept the sentence closed from the textual dimension. But, one who thinks about the structure of the text and the sentence in terms of the importance and distribution finds that the base and the core are the main and fixed elements in the structure of the sentence. Adjuncts join the sentence to the text and determine the concept of the core of the sentence. Sentences make up the structure of the text, and some of the sentences are the text itself.  Adjuncts and dependent sentences are the second main element in the Arabic sentence structure after the core and the base. The three elements of the subject, the predicate, and the adjunct are the main structure of the sentence, and this is where we can say that these adjuncts complete the sentence. So far, no independent study has addressed the issue of adjuncts in the Arabic sentence structure as the main element, so the present study investigated Arabic grammatical rules by the descriptive-analytical method.