Smart City as an Smart Energy Hub: A Bibliographic, Analytic and Structural Review

Energy supply is one of the main challenges of the present century. Population growth, rising energy demand, fossil fuel scarcity, and environmental concerns have made energy security as major issue for all countries in the world. Traditional power system, including low-efficiency generation, long-distance transmission and then a complex distribution system, face various challenges that make it inappropriate as a future secure energy system.  Today, the energy hub as a framework of generation, conversion, storage and consumption of different energy carriers, is considered by many researchers as the prospect of a future secure energy system. This research analyzes and classifies the latest innovative research achievements in this field. A review of research in the field of long-term energy hub planning, optimal operation of this multi carrier energy infrastructure, and the concepts of micro and macro energy hubs is presented in this paper.  A bibliographic study is also discussed with a historical review of the energy hub researches. In addition, one of the main goals of this research is to explain the concept of smart city consisting of smart energy hubs using a review of recent research by researchers in this field.