Investigating the Religious and Moral Functions of interrogative and Imperative Sentences in Sanāi's Odes

Abolmajd Majdood Ibn Adam Sanāi Ghaznavi also called Hakim Sanāi (473-545 AH), is one of the greatest poets of Persian language who wrote in ode and Masnavi form. Praise, guidance and admonition are among the frequent themes of his odes. Sanāi well understands language and is fully acquainted with its features and capabilities. Description, praise, wisdom and advice, admonition, story of the soul, blame, and reproach exist in Sanāi's odes. Many instances of compositional sentences (interrogative, imperative, exclamatory, and prohibitive) exist in Sanai's odes used in their indirect (or secondary) meanings. He has been successful in choosing the expressing methods, grammatical patterns (according to the type of message and communication), and in selecting words by considering their harmony, rhythm, and subject. The secondary meanings of the compositional sentences, in fact, express Sanāi's inner thoughts and they can be understood by analyzing the poet's thoughts. This research deals with interrogative and imperative based upon grammatical and semantic categories in Sanāi's odes in order to determine the relationship between the poet's moral thoughts and the meanings of sentences. clarifying and explaining Sanāi's aim in using such kinds of sentences analytically, the researchers use diagrams.