Psychoanalytic critique of Masoumeh character in novel “Sahm-e-Man” based on Alfred Adler theory

Alfred Adler is the founder of individual psychology and one of the first famous critics of the theory of psychoanalysis and the creator of movement in a psychological movement. Adler defines human being as a social creature. Adler’s view of the problem of psychology can be solved by translating the problem of communication between humans. A sense of inferiority and inferiority complex are two popular terms in individual psychology. Adler defines sense of inferiority as a force that has been given to human beings to move towards positive aspects of life. On the other hand, Adler has emphasized that adverse environmental conditions can lead the sense of inferiority to inferiority complex. Adler highlights the concept of false compensation in the realm of psychology, which person uses to balance one’s psyche. This article deals with the psychoanalytic critique of the novel “Sahm-e-Man” by a descriptive-analytical approach. The author refers to the underlying causes of the inferiority complex and the mechanisms of compensation in the main character of the novel “Masoumeh” according to Adler theory of life style. Research findings show that environment is one of the main factors in creating inferiority complex in the main character, which originated from unfavorable environmental conditions of family and dialectical behavior of mother and father with children. Accordingly, inferiority complex has severed in Masoumeh and created various forms of psychological imbalance; therefore, to compensate for her discrete psychic balance, she has made false compensation which has led to many problems in her.