The evaluation of the effect healing landscape factors in Iranian garden and urban parks, with sexual analysisCase study: Eram garden and Azadi park

Studies in the field of the relationship between landscape and human's innate attraction to natural environments, make humans feel relaxed and consequently leads to mental and physical health. Healing landscape provides environments with reducing tension and returning to mental health. Due to the historical presence of Persian gardens all over the country and urban parks in recent years, the need for research and investigation in this field, to get familiar with the qualities and potentials of these two spaces, seems essential. Therefore, in this study, through categorizing the function of healing factors as emotional effects, cognitive, behavioral, and social and design parameters into 3 parts: Functional, perceptual-semantic, and physical-visual, the evaluation of the effect of each factor in Persian garden and the urban park is taken into account. The purpose of this study is to investigate the parameters of the quality of the healing landscape, which leads to reducing stress and improvement of mental health, in two separate fields of Persian garden and urban park. The research methodology contains both quantitative and qualitative methods and data collection has done through a questionnaire, interview, and observation. This research has done in the urban context. The results of the study demonstrate that the function of healing parameters in the Persian garden and the urban park is different. The perceptual-semantic in Persian garden and functional parameters in the urban park had greater effectiveness in the improvement of the quality of the healing landscape. Moreover, cognitive and social indicators had different effects among males and females in Persian gardens and urban parks. Considering the results of the study and the positive and negative points of healing effects in garden and park, in terms of gender differences, the designed green spaces in the urban landscape can empower quality.