Security-based Criminology and its Strategies in Process of Criminal Procedure; with an Emphasis on Criminal Law in Iran, France and The United States

Despite the creation and development of human rights movements in the last few decades, insecurity, political approaches to crime and the spread of transnational crime has caused security approach to crime and criminal law. This approach is followed particularly far-reaching impact in the field of criminal Procedure. These effects from two views, effects security-based criminology on preliminary investigation and effects security-based criminology on process of criminal procedure in courts are examinable. Iran, France and The United States, the three countries that form the laws of this approach affect in any way accepted. In this article, with study form laws and judicial procedures each of these three countries, it has been concluded that the effect of security-based criminology on process of criminal procedure in the United States, especially after the events of September 11 was much more than the Iranian and French law, French law despite strict measures of security-based approach circuit, in each case about the duties and powers of the officials and persons involved in the process of investigation has identified. In Iran Law, security-based approach in process of criminal procedure more than it is based on the letter of the law based on decisions of the authorities and judicial bodies is in the form of directives and regulations.