Theoretical Framework of the Existential Structure of Human-being Based on Content Analysis of the Holy Qur'an

Anthropology is one of the two hidden assumptions underlying the perception of all theorists of reality. The developments in divine anthropology (Christian and Jewish) and philosophical anthropology (from Protagoras to Nietzsche) in the West gradually led to experimental anthropology with a materialistic and Darwinist basis. Its product was an incomplete cognition of human and then led to irreparable damages to human health, development and transcendence. In the works of Muslim scientists, although a transcendent image of man is presented, this image lacks objectivity and integrity and has functional weakness. The purpose of the present study is to find a theoretical framework for "structure of human being" and his/her excellence and to extract the components of this structure and their relations in order to objectify it and make it practically useful by modeling the analogy of the human anatomy or the materialistic dimension of human.

The research was done by qualitative content analysis of the Qur'an based on interpretations and other Islamic studies. The relevant verses were collected by library method and then the collected data were analyzed by inductive method. The authors reported no conflict of interests.

Accordingly, the four main layers of Sadr (Thorax), Shaqaf (Endocard), heart (Myocard), and Foad (Card) were extracted in the human existential structure, which are based on Fetrat, each includes certain levels of state, power, extremes, and ends that forming a total of 62 related components.

The heart and its layers and its components and the type of relationship between them were introduced as an integrated framework for the existential structure of human being based on the extracted categories from the Qur'an, which can guide humanization and community building and diagnosis and treatment of non-physical diseases.