How Was Wine Prohibited and What Was Its Role in Correcting the Cause of Revelation of the Verse 43 of the Sura al-Nisa?

In the view of the followers of the school of Ahl al-Bayt (the Household of Prophet Mohammad(PBUH)) drinking wine was originally unlawful and the divine Legislator gradually made it public. However, in the view of the other Islamic sects, drinking wine was gradually made unlawful and the divine Legislator first prepared the people for that and then announced its prohibition in the Sura al-Ma,ida. The important point of the verses 219 of the Sura al-Baqara and 43 of the Sura al-Nisa is their causes of revelation. Based on the Shi'a perspective, a person like 'Ali ibn Abitalib(AS) who was preferentially trained and educated by the Holy Prophet Mohammad(PBUH) was refusing, from the very beginning, to drink wine. But according to a tradition quoted in the exegetical sources of the Sunnis, the lord of the pious, 'Ali(AS) drank wine, on the occasion of the cause of revelation of the Sura al-Nisa that forbids the believers from performing prayer while they are drunk. Allamah Ma'rifat has strongly criticized and rejected this latter tradition. Investigating the report and the sanad of the tradition, reviewing the conflicting traditions, as well as several wellestablished evidences of the Quran and the validity agreed upon in all Islamic sects or approved by the followers of the school of Ahl al-Bayt, he rejects this claim. The present article approves the view of Allamah Ma'rifat and strengthens the aforementioned evidences.