Muhammad ibn Zakaria al-Razi: Reformist philosopher or semi- philosopher physician

Muhammad ibn Zakaria al-Razi is one of the most challenging Thinkers in the history of science in the Islamic world that the challenge to his character and views has continued since his life. Regardless of the challenge of his philosophical or medical views or lifestyle, one of these wide-ranging challenges is the discussion of Zakaria''s relationship with philosophical thought and his place and position in philosophy. On the one hand, some consider the most important aspect of Razi''s scientific personality to be his medical dimension, and consider Razi''s thoughts on philosophy and theology as an exaggeration of his scientific personality and On the other hand some, while accepting his position in medicine , consider the most important aspect of Razi''s scientific personality to be his philosophical-theological views In such a way that he is compared to the scientists of the Enlightenment in free thought and rationalism, and he is even considered the only philosopher in the Islamic world. Now that the passage of time has made it easier to make biased judgments, the study of Razi''s surviving works shows that there is enough evidence (including: Razi''s self-defense, the multiplicity of philosophical writings, the presentation of novel ideas, etc.) To call the Muhammad ibn Zakaria al-Razi as a philosopher and his difference with other philosophers is not in his distance from philosophical thought, but in his method and dissenting views on philosophical and theological issues. Now that the passage of time has made it easier to make biased judgments, the study of Razi''s surviving works shows that there is enough evidence (including: Razi''s self-defense, the multiplicity of philosophical writings, the presentation of novel ideas, etc.)to call the Muhammad ibn Zakaria al-Razi as a philosopher And his difference with other philosophers is not in his distance from philosophical thought, but in his method and dissenting views on philosophical and theological issues.