The Impact of Institutional Construction in the Second Pahlavi Period on the Formation of the Islamic Revolution of Iran

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The relationship between government and social forces has always been an important issue in political sociology. Indeed, within the structure of society, social and political forces are on the one hand in competition with other parallel groups that may have conflicting interests, and on the other hand are in conflict with the government for greater sources of power and wealth. During the conflict, the establishment of a democratic or non-democratic institution within the government determines what tools and methods the social forces use to fulfill their demands. Accordingly, the present study shows the effect of the institutional structure of the second Pahlavi government on the movement of politics and, consequently, the formation of the Islamic Revolution of Iran and also explains how the construction of a closed and limited institutional state leads the socio-political forces to the conclusion that they pursue their struggles for profit outside the limited institutional framework and in an uneasy manner.

The present study is fundamental in terms of type and descriptive-analytical in terms of method, and information and data have been collected in the form of documents-libraries and then using the conceptual and theoretical framework of "political institution Samuel Huntington" Data Analysis.

The structure and nature of the second Pahlavi government; That is, the characteristics of bureaucratic authoritarianism, its neo-patrimonial aspect and rentier, prevented the creation and growth of an appropriate efficient and democratic institution for formulating, managing and controlling social conflicts and meeting the demands and expectations of social forces and groups.

Closing and restricting the institutional structure in the second Pahlavi government has been the most important factor in strengthening political violence and political movements against the established regime and laying the groundwork for the formation of the Islamic Revolution.