Effect of different fungicides and insecticides in sugar beet seed coating on germination traits

Seed and soil borne pathogenic fungi and pests that grow in early growing season of sugar beet cause seedling loss and establishment. The use of fungicides and insecticides in seed coating technology to control pathogens and pests is so effective and necessary in early growing season in order to increase plant emergence and establishment. However, it is important to make sure that toxins do not adversely affect the natural function of the seed in germination. The aim of this study was to ensure the potential sugar beet seedling emergence against soil borne pathogenic fungi and pests damage in early growing season using a combination of different fungicides including carboxyl Tyram, Lamardor, and Maxim XL035 FS and insecticides including Cruiser FS350, Cruiser FS600 and Gaucho in different formulas in sugar beet seed coating. Eleven treatments were used to evaluate the effect of different fungicides and insecticides in compare with uncoated seed (check) for different traits of germination and seedling emergence under laboratory and greenhouse condition in 2018-19. The results showed that sugar beet seed coating with some fungicides has different effect on germination traits. Germination rate in Vitavax + Cruiser FS600, and Maxim XL035 FS+Cruiser FS350 treatments showed significant superiority compared with check. However, Vitavax + Gacho had decreasing effect on germination rate. Vitavax and Lamardor fungicides delayed germination and increased ungerminated seed number compared with Maxim XL035 FS fungicide. In general, fungicides and insecticides combination that had an increasing effect on seedling emergence and decreasing effect on the average time of plant emergence resulted in increased vegetative growth and eventually seedling weight. Therefore, based on the evaluation of germination rate in the laboratory, greenhouse and dry weight of seedling, Vitavax + Cruiser FS600 treatment is recommended as the best formula for sugar beet seed coating compared with check treatment.