Independent Predictors of One-Month Mortality in Patients with Intracranial Hemorrhage; a Cohort Study

Predicting the outcome is one of the most frequent and important issues when approaching patients with intracranial hemorrhage (ICH).

This study aimed to evaluate the correlation of SUSPEKT score variables plus electrocardiogram (ECG) abnormalities with one-month mortality of patients with ICH presenting to emergency department (ED).

In this cohort study, adult patients presenting to the EDs of three educational hospitals, during one year, were followed and their one-month mortality rate as well as independent predictors of outcome among the variables of SUSPEKT score plus electrocardiography findings were evaluated.

One hundred seventy-sevenpatients with the mean age of 63.07±14.89 years were studied (59.9%). The most common locations of intra-parenchymal hemorrhage were basal ganglia (53.7%) and cortex (36.2%). Ninety-two(52.0%) of cases had at least one ECG abnormality. The most frequent ECG abnormalities were ST segment depression (20.3%), T wave inversion (16.4%), and left ventricular hypertrophy (14.7%). Thirty(16.9%) cases died during the 30-day follow-up. Survived and non-survived cases were significantly different regarding the location of intra-parenchymal hemorrhage (p < 0.0001), presence of intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) (p = 0.007), ST segment elevation (p < 0.0001), bradycardia (p < 0.0001), tachycardia (p <0.0001), arterial fibrillation (p < 0.0001), blood sugar (p = 0.044), and serumlevel of potassium (p = 0.022).

The location of hemorrhage (basal ganglia), higher blood sugar, and presence of ECG abnormalities (ST segment elevation, tachycardia, bradycardia, atrial fibrillation) were among the independent predictors of one-month mortality of ICH patients in this study.