Epidemiology and Risk Factors of Nosocomial Infection among Trauma Patients Hospitalized in Kashan Shahid Beheshti Hospital

Nosocomial infection is one the most important health problem in the world. In trauma patients, nosocomial infection is one the most important factor of morbidity and mortality, increased hospitalization days, economic costs, and patient dissatisfaction. This study aimed at assessing the frequency of nosocomial infection and its related factors in hospitalized trauma patients in Beheshti Hospital in Kashan, Iran.

This descriptive study was conducted on 338 trauma patients who had been admitted to Kashan Beheshti Hospital during 2015. Data were collected using the questionnaire containing demographic and paraclinical results in trauma patients. The patients were examined for fever and nosocomial infection daily. The data were analyzed using t‑test and Chi‑square by the SPSS software version 16.

Twenty‑one (6.2%) out of 338 trauma patients had nosocomial infection. There were 7 (33.3%) surgical site infections, 5 (23.8%) pneumonia, 5 (23.8%) soft‑tissue infection, and 3 (14.2%) urinary tract infection and 4 (19.04%) fever with of unknown origin. There was a significant statistical association between underlying disease, duration of hospitalization, multiple trauma, surgical intervention, using the device, and history of admission to ICU with the rate of the infections. However, there was no significant association between sex, age, body mass index, and smoking with the rate of the infection.

The rate of nosocomial infection was 6.2% and it was lower than other studies. The nosocomial infection is more frequent in patients with underlying diseases, with surgical intervention, admission in ICU, using device, multiple trauma, and more duration of hospitalization.