Computational investigation on the response of primary cilia of the cell to the oscillatory fluid flow using fluid-structure interaction method

Primary Cilia is appendage that extrudes from cell surface into the extracellular matrix .These organelles play a sensor role for mechanical stimulation in the cell and due to stretch ion channels in its base, play critical role in induce osteogenic differentiation of stem cells. Primary cilia deflected under fluid flow passing through the surface of the cell, which deflection causes tensile ion channels to be opened. In this study, cilia is assumed as linear elastic. The innovative aspect of this research is exerting of oscillatory fluid flow to the primary cilia and evaluating the response of cilia to the fluid flow. The results show that under conditions of exerting the oscillatory fluid flow, maximum strain occur in the base of the cilia which is experienced by tensile ion channels, is 0.5 and in the condition of steady flow is 0.3, Accordingly, mechanical stimuli are sensed by the tensile ionic channels during oscillatory flow higher than steady flow. osteogenic differentiation of stem cells, in addition, the result showed that by using the oscillatory fluid flow the mechanical stimulation better senses by cilia and It is anticipated that exerting oscillatory fluid flow facilitate osteogenic differentiation of stem cell.