Stylistics of the Ode ‘the Martyrs Square’ from the Poetry Divan of Al-Rabia Al-Arabi(Ahmad Faraj Al-Ajmi)

Stylistics is a critical linguistic approach that attempts to deconstruct the linguistic structure of the text, describe its components, and reveal its most prominent features. Stylistic means exploring the linguistic components of literary texts and invoking them beyond form. The present stylistic study, with a descriptive-analytical approach, seeks to investigate Al-Ajmi's poem ‘Martyrs Square’ at four levels: phonetic, grammatical, rhetorical, and semantics. He composed the poem during the Egyptian Arab Spring revolutions which encouraged the Egyptian people to rise and criticize the authoritarian government of Mubarak. One of the most important findings of the study at the phonological level is that the loud and intense voices of the poem prevail over the whispered and soft-hearted tone because of its revolutionary nature. The author of the present study has also noticed at the grammatical level the presentation of what is due to delay and delaying what is entitled to a presentation, to intensify the significance of what was presented. At the morphological level, the study revealed an intensification of present-day verbs to evoke the reality of life in Egyptian society. It also revealed the predominance of two types of pronouns over the formulation of the poem, namely ‘k-na’ (نا-ک). The pronouns also revealed a dialectical duality between the people and the authority, and each added to the poem's semantics and rhythmic richness. At the rhetorical level, the authors noticed the abundance of structural sentences, especially the recursive sentences and the interrogation of ‘km’. In most of the calling sentences, the caller was either the people to carry out the revolution or Hosni Mubarak to step down from power. The poet also used the word ‘km’ to tell about the reality of the Egyptian people’s life and their human experiences. At the semantic level, the poem’s vocabulary was consistent with its content, which calls for revolution and depicts the grievances of the authority, and the hope for the future and the overthrow of the regime.