Study and analysis of the function of contrasts in representing moral and educational concepts in the seventh chapter of Saadi's Boostan; With an approach to the theory of dual interactions

The most prominent feature of Saadi's Boostan is its educational and moral background. As much as he is a poet in love in the mirror of lyric poems, he talks about the ways to reach perfection and moral prosperity in the garden. One of Saadi's tricks in Boostan, especially the seventh chapter, to represent the educational and moral teachings, is to use the dual contrast between verbal and semantic clusters. He tries to give his audience a correct understanding of the virtues by mentioning the desired counseling and moral issues, and then to represent the opposite of those issues in order to increase the power of the moral distinction of his audience. In this research, using library resources and descriptive-analytical method, the quality of reflection of contrasts in the seventh chapter of Saadi's Boostan has been investigated. For this purpose, the theory of dual contrasts and also the frameworks of the industry of contradiction in traditional Persian rhetoric have been used. The results show that the totality of this chapter represents the opposition between good and evil at the macro level. In the next step, Saadi points to examples under each component to enhance the audience's vision and knowledge. Also, the characters that reflect these contrasts fall into two categories: real and virtual. The main place of these confrontations is the city of the body and soul of man, whose transformation into an utopia or anti-utopia is directly related to the moral category of self-creation