Reliability-based Operation in Energy Hubs with Several Energy Networks

The paper presents reliability-based operation (RBO) of an energy hub consisting of electric vehicles (EVs) and a combined cooling, heating, power (CCHP) system in the electricity, natural gas, and district heating networks. The proposed strategy aims to minimize the total expected operating and reliability costs of the mentioned energy networks as objective functions. Furthermore, the problem is subject to optimal power flow (OPF) equations, reliability constraints, and the hub energy model including constraints of EVs parking lot and CCHP. This strategy has a mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) model; hence, mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) will be utilized to achieve a unique optimal solution in less computational time for the proposed scheme. Moreover, the scheme includes uncertainties of the load, energy price, the demand of EVs, and equipment availability of the given systems, which are modeled using scenario-based stochastic programming (SBSP). Finally, the approach is implemented on a standard test system in the GAMS software environment. Then, according to the numerical results, it is observed that the mentioned outline can achieve optimal operation conditions and high reliability in energy systems if the EVs and CCHPs are optimally managed in the energy hub form.