Investigating the methods of dealing with problems in the textbooks of the sixth-eighth centuries (case study of Bustan, Golestan, Kelileh and Demneh, Masnavi) based on the psychological theory of Folkman and Lazarus

In Persian educational literature, special methods of dealing with problems through allegory and anecdote and advice are given in the language of poetry and prose. The subject and purpose of this study is to apply these strategies to one of the most popular psychological theories of the present age called coping skills theory, which was proposed by two American psychologists, Lazarus and Folkman in 1984 and is mainly based on two axes: problem-oriented and emotion-oriented.

The research method in this article is analytical and descriptive and has been used to collect data based on library resources.

The findings of this study show that the methods of coping with psychological pressures and problems in the literary works of Golestan, Bustan, Kelilehudmaneh and Masnavi-Mannavi are largely compatible with coping methods based on the psychological theory of Falkman and Lazarus.

The result of the research indicates that in the mentioned books, the problem-solving method, which is based on reason and action, has a higher frequency compared to the emotion-oriented method. In Saadi Bustan and Golestan, the way of dealing with emotion is more than the way of dealing with problem-oriented. In Kidneywood, we are most confronted with positive, effective, and efficient problem-solving methods. In Masnavi, the positive problem-oriented method and the emotion-oriented coping style are used in a slight way.