The effect of exercise on cellular and molecular mechanisms (regulation of calcium and cell growth) of heart tissue in the rat

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of exercise on cellular and molecular mechanisms (regulation of calcium and cell growth) of heart tissue.

The research method was experimental and for this purpose, 24 male Wistar rats with a weight range of 200±20 g and age of eight-weeks were prepared and randomly divided into three groups: control, intense periodic training and continuous training. Intense periodic training protocol; 30 minutes of intermittent running and sub-maximum continuous group (30 to 60 minutes) were performed five days a week for 8 weeks. Gene expression of the desired variables was measured in cardiac tissue.

There was a significant difference between the eight-weeks of intense and sub-maximum intermittent training compared to the control group in the amount of gene expression changes in all three variables (TGF-ß1, SERCA2a, PI3K)(p<0.05). Intermittent and continuous exercise (both relative to control) leads to a significant increase in  TGF-1 gene expression in the heart of male Wistar rats. The results showed that the amount of PI3K enzyme in the sub-maximal continuous and intense periodic training had a significant increase compared to the control group, there was no difference between the severe periodic group and the control group and there was no significant difference between the two training groups in the amount of SERCA2a.

According to the findings of the present study, higher training intensity can better perform cellular and molecular regulation, which requires more research in the future. The findings of the present study have been cautiously expressed and further research is needed in the future.