Evaluating of Green Tax Effects on Consumption of Energy in IRAN

This dissertation evaluates the effects of taxing on three groups of goods, i.e. housing energy, transport fuels, and other non-durable goods in rich, moderate and poor households during the period of 2004-2017. To this end, we compute the income and price elasticities respect to each categories of goods by the estimates obtained for the parameters of a Quadratic Almost Ideal Demand System. According to the results, while the sign of the own price elasticities is theoretically expected, the groups of housing energy and transport fuels appear to be elastic in every three type of households. One percent Increasing in the price of housing energy, if the consumer isn’t compensated, results in about 1 percent decrease in energy consumption in all households and also 0.002 percent reduction in fuel consumption in moderate households. There are the same results for the group of transport fuel. One percent increasing in the price of transport fuel, without compensation of consumer, results in about 1 percent decrease in energy consumption in all households and also a partial reduction in energy consumption of rich and moderate households. As well as housing energy category has appeared as a necessity in all three types of households and transport fuel category has appeared as luxury for poor and moderate, and a necessity for the rich households.