A Survey of Modeling Approaches of Interdependent Infrastructures form the Resilience Viewpoint

Nowadays, the human life in societies has become impossible without reliable operation of critical infrastructures. Therefore, many studies have focused on their operation and protection. One of the main fields in infrastructural studies is system modeling, especially with regard to interdependency. In this paper, recent studies on the modeling of interdependent infrastructures are reviewed. The purpose is to further protect the systems against disruptive events and to prevent cascading disturbances. One of the most effective and practical concepts in evaluating the impacts of perturbation and cascading interruptions is the concept of system resilience. Resilience, also known in the defense literature as passive defense, can provide a precise understanding of the probability of interdependent infrastructures' functionality. Therefore, in this review paper, interdependency modeling in infrastructure systems is investigated through the approach of system resilience against threats and disruptive events. To this end, various modeling approaches, are categorized into empirical, agent-based, system dynamics, economic, and network-based approaches and studied. Finally, the challenges that the researchers may face in the future studies are pointed out. The description of present challenges can pave the way for significant future developments in the field of interdependent infrastructure system modeling.