Evaluating the Rate of Changes in the Coastlines of Makran (Konarak to Kalat)

The coastal territory is considered as the intersection of the geomorphic processes of the sea with the land. Although the dynamic and evolution of coasts is a known phenomenon, the frequency and intensity of this change over time lead to different processes and alterations in coastlines. It can affect the human-economic and environmental dimensions in addition to changes in the natural aspects of the coast. The coasts of the Oman Sea from Konarak to Kalat in Sistan and Baluchestan province have always been the location of military and fishing coastal facilities due to their environmental and strategic conditions, so assessing the changes and stability of the coast of this region is very important. In the present study, the monitoring of coastline changes in the coastal geomorphology units of this region between 1989 and 2020 was evaluated using Landsat satellite data and the DSAS plugin. The results showed that the changes in the whole study area are small and, according to the LRR index, they are progressive and about 0.07 meters per year. The results showed that the changes in the whole study area were small and, according to the LRR index, they were progressive and about 0.07 meters per year. Moreover, the evaluation of coastline change rates in the study area showed that marine terraces were the most stable geomorphological unit and their change rates were only 0.05 meters per year, and sandy beach with 0.39 meters' progress per year was in the next rank. Also, coastal whites with regression of about 0.67 meters per year were considered the most unstable morphological unit in the region. Also, the results of the future trend of coastline changes showed that the port of Kalat, due to the increased sedimentation process and the advancement of the coastline, would probably have problems in the future to exploit it.